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<p>一些属性 返回任务信息</p>
<figure class="highlight objectivec"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">@property</span>(<span class="keyword">copy</span>) <span class="built_in">NSArray</span>&lt;<span class="built_in">NSString</span> *&gt; *arguments  <span class="comment">//NSString对象数组包含调用时使用的参数。如果参数是nill,产生一个NSInvalidArgumentException异常</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">@property</span>(<span class="keyword">copy</span>) <span class="built_in">NSString</span> *currentDirectoryPath  <span class="comment">//任务当前的工作目录</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">@property</span>(<span class="keyword">copy</span>) <span class="built_in">NSDictionary</span>&lt;<span class="built_in">NSString</span> *,<span class="built_in">NSString</span> *&gt; *environment <span class="comment">//任务启动后的环境变量字典，字典的key是环境变量的名称</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">@property</span>(<span class="keyword">copy</span>) <span class="built_in">NSString</span> *launchPath            <span class="comment">//可执行文件的路径</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">@property</span>(<span class="keyword">readonly</span>) <span class="type">int</span> processIdentifier       <span class="comment">//进程标识</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">@property</span>(<span class="keyword">retain</span>) <span class="type">id</span> standardError              <span class="comment">//标准错误文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">@property</span>(<span class="keyword">retain</span>) <span class="type">id</span> standardInput  <span class="comment">//任务使用的标准输入文件，除非另有说明。返回的对象是一个NSFileHandle或者一个NSPipe实例,这取决于传递给setStandardInput:方法哪种类型的对象。</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">@property</span>(<span class="keyword">retain</span>) <span class="type">id</span> standardOutput <span class="comment">//任务使用的标准输出文件，标准输出用来作为任务显示其输出。返回的对象是一个NSFileHandle或者一个NSPipe实例,这取决于传递给setStandardOutput:方法哪种类型的对象。</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// actions</span></span><br><span class="line">- (<span class="type">void</span>)launch;<span class="comment">//启动任务</span></span><br><span class="line">- (<span class="type">void</span>)interrupt; <span class="comment">// 发送一个中断信号给接受者和它的所有子任务如果任务因此终止，这是默认的行为，一个NSTaskDidTerminateNotification发送到默认的通知中心。如果消息接收者已经启动或者已经执行完成，这个方法没有效果。如果消息接收者尚未启动，该方法发出了一个NSInvalidArgumentException。</span></span><br><span class="line">- (<span class="type">void</span>)terminate; <span class="comment">// Not always possible. Sends SIGTERM.</span></span><br><span class="line">- (<span class="type">BOOL</span>)suspend;<span class="comment">//暂停任务,如果任务暂停成功 返回YES，否则NO</span></span><br><span class="line">- (<span class="type">BOOL</span>)resume;<span class="comment">//恢复执行之前suspend的任务。</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">@property</span> (<span class="keyword">readonly</span>, <span class="keyword">getter</span>=isRunning) <span class="type">BOOL</span> running;<span class="comment">//查询任务状态 返回任务是否仍在运行</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">waitUntilExit	block,直到任务完成。</span><br><span class="line">该方法首先检查是否有任务在使用 isRunning标识运行。然后阻塞当前run loop（使用<span class="built_in">NSDefaultRunLoopMode</span>）直到任务完成。</span><br><span class="line">terminationReason  返回被终止的原因</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>1、使用NSString类型的命令字符串，返回运行结果。但是使用这种方法没法记忆上一次操作，没法做到像在终端中执行多次命令那样自如。</p>
<p>例如：先cd到桌面，然后在桌面新建文件夹，在终端中我们是这么实现的：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">$ </span><span class="language-bash">huluo-Mac:~ luo.h$ <span class="built_in">cd</span> Desktop</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_">$ </span><span class="language-bash">huluo-Mac:Desktop luo.h$ <span class="built_in">mkdir</span> helloWorld</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<p>使用NSTask调用：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">- (NSString *)cmd:(NSString *)cmd</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    // 初始化并设置shell路径</span><br><span class="line">    NSTask *task = [[NSTask alloc] init];</span><br><span class="line">    [task setLaunchPath: @&quot;/bin/bash&quot;];</span><br><span class="line">    // -c 用来执行string-commands（命令字符串），也就说不管后面的字符串里是什么都会被当做shellcode来执行</span><br><span class="line">    NSArray *arguments = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: @&quot;-c&quot;, cmd, nil];</span><br><span class="line">    [task setArguments: arguments];</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    // 新建输出管道作为Task的输出</span><br><span class="line">    NSPipe *pipe = [NSPipe pipe];</span><br><span class="line">    [task setStandardOutput: pipe];</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    // 开始task</span><br><span class="line">    NSFileHandle *file = [pipe fileHandleForReading];</span><br><span class="line">    [task launch];</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    // 获取运行结果</span><br><span class="line">    NSData *data = [file readDataToEndOfFile];</span><br><span class="line">    return [[NSString alloc] initWithData: data encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding];</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>调用</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">错误示例：</span><br><span class="line">[self cmd:@&quot;cd Desktop&quot;];</span><br><span class="line">[self cmd:@&quot;mkdir helloWorld&quot;];</span><br><span class="line">//这种调用方式结果是错误的，因为一条命令执行完Task就会销毁，相当于输入完终端关闭，再打开再输出，这时执行第二条语句时第一条语句已经不起作用了</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">//正确做法： 应使用下面这种方式实现</span><br><span class="line">[self cmd:@&quot;cd Desktop; mkdir helloWorld&quot;];</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<p>1.推荐使用Taskit</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Taskit *task = [Taskit task];</span><br><span class="line">task.launchPath = @”/bin/echo”;</span><br><span class="line">[task.arguments addObject:@”Hello World”];</span><br><span class="line">task.receivedOutputString = ^void(NSString *output) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">NSLog(@”%@”, output);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">[task launch];</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>优秀第三方库推荐</p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/atg/taskit">https://github.com/atg/taskit</a></p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/reliablehosting/GCDTask">https://github.com/reliablehosting/GCDTask</a></p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/clickontyler/COTTaskHelper">https://github.com/clickontyler/COTTaskHelper</a></p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/MiCHiLU/Supervisor-NSTask">https://github.com/MiCHiLU/Supervisor-NSTask</a></p>
<p>授权</p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/djui/iLeopard/blob/master/iLeopard/NSTask%2BOneLineTasksWithOutput.m">https://github.com/djui/iLeopard/blob/master/iLeopard/NSTask%2BOneLineTasksWithOutput.m</a></p>
<p>参考资料</p>
<p>1、&#x2F;bin、&#x2F;sbin、&#x2F;usr&#x2F;bin、&#x2F;usr&#x2F;sbin目录的区别</p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.361way.com/bin/1112.html">http://www.361way.com/bin/1112.html</a></p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundation/nstask">https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundation/nstask</a></p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.raywenderlich.com/125071/nstask-tutorial-os-x">https://www.raywenderlich.com/125071/nstask-tutorial-os-x</a></p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://devhub.io/zh/repos/XieXieZhongxi-AsyncTask">https://devhub.io/zh/repos/XieXieZhongxi-AsyncTask</a></p>
</div></article><div class="post-copyright"><div class="post-copyright__author"><span class="post-copyright-meta">文章作者: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="mailto:undefined">kyren</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__type"><span class="post-copyright-meta">文章链接: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="http://huluo666.gitee.io/2017/08/02/NSTask使用/">http://huluo666.gitee.io/2017/08/02/NSTask使用/</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__notice"><span class="post-copyright-meta">版权声明: </span><span class="post-copyright-info">本博客所有文章除特别声明外，均采用 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0</a> 许可协议。转载请注明来自 <a href="http://huluo666.gitee.io">Kyren's Blog</a>！</span></div></div><div class="post-meta__tag-list"><a class="post-meta__tags" href="/tags/Mac/">Mac</a></div><nav id="pagination"><div class="prev-post pull-left"><a href="/2017/08/02/Mac-UTI%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81/"><i class="fa fa-chevron-left">  </i><span>iOS UTI支持</span></a></div><div class="next-post pull-right"><a href="/2017/08/02/Xcode8%E6%8F%92%E4%BB%B6/"><span>Xcode 插件</span><i class="fa fa-chevron-right"></i></a></div></nav></div></div><footer><div class="layout" id="footer"><div class="copyright">&copy;2022 By kyren</div><div class="framework-info"><span>驱动 - </span><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://hexo.io"><span>Hexo</span></a><span class="footer-separator">|</span><span>主题 - </span><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/Molunerfinn/hexo-theme-melody"><span>Melody</span></a></div><div class="footer_custom_text">hitokoto</div><div class="busuanzi"><script async src="//busuanzi.ibruce.info/busuanzi/2.3/busuanzi.pure.mini.js"></script><span id="busuanzi_container_page_pv"><i class="fa fa-file"></i><span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"></span><span></span></span></div></div></footer><i class="fa fa-arrow-up" id="go-up" aria-hidden="true"></i><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/animejs@latest/lib/anime.min.js"></script><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jquery@latest/dist/jquery.min.js"></script><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fancyapps/fancybox@latest/dist/jquery.fancybox.min.js"></script><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/velocity-animate@latest/velocity.min.js"></script><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/velocity-ui-pack@latest/velocity.ui.min.js"></script><script src="/js/utils.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/fancybox.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/sidebar.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/copy.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/fireworks.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/transition.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/scroll.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/head.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/search/local-search.js"></script><script>if(/Android|webOS|iPhone|iPod|iPad|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent)) {
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